totn MariaDB Functions

MariaDB: SUBDATE Function

This MariaDB tutorial explains how to use the MariaDB SUBDATE function with syntax and examples.

Description

The MariaDB SUBDATE function returns a date after which a certain time/date interval has been subtracted.

Syntax

The syntax for the SUBDATE function in MariaDB is:

SUBDATE( date, INTERVAL value unit )

OR

SUBDATE( date, days )

Parameters or Arguments

date
The date to which the interval should be subtracted.
days
The number of days to subtract from date (second syntax).
value
The value of the time/date interval that you wish to subtract. You can specify positive and negative values for this parameter (first syntax).
unit

The unit type of the interval such as DAY, MONTH, MINUTE, HOUR, and so on. It can be one of the following (first syntax):

unit
MICROSECOND
SECOND
MINUTE
HOUR
DAY
WEEK
MONTH
QUARTER
YEAR
SECOND_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_SECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_SECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_HOUR
YEAR_MONTH

Note

  • If you specify an interval value that is too short for the unit that you have specified, the SUBDATE function will assume that the left-most portion of the interval value was not provided.
  • The SUBDATE function (first syntax only) is a synonym for the DATE_SUB function.
  • Using the SUBDATE function with a negative value as a parameter is equivalent to using the ADDDATE function.
  • See also the DATE_ADD, DATE_SUB, ADDDATE, ADDTIME , and SUBTIME functions.

Applies To

The SUBDATE function can be used in the following versions of MariaDB:

  • MariaDB 10

Example

Let's look at some MariaDB SUBDATE function examples and explore how to use the SUBDATE function in MariaDB.

For example:

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL 4 MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:20.999997'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 20 SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:01'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 25 MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:19:21'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 2 HOUR);
Result: '2014-05-17 06:44:21'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 10 DAY);
Result: '2014-05-07'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', 10);
Result: '2014-05-07'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 12 WEEK);
Result: '2014-02-22'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 3 MONTH);
Result: '2014-02-17'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 3 QUARTER);
Result: '2013-08-17'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 5 YEAR);
Result: '2009-05-17'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '12.000001' SECOND_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:09.000000'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '3:12.000001' MINUTE_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:41:09.000000'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '3:12' MINUTE_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:41:09'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '1:03:12.000001' HOUR_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:09.000000'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '1:03:12' HOUR_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:09'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '1:03' HOUR_MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:21'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '7 1:03:12.000001' DAY_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:09.000000'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1:03:12' DAY_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:09'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1:03' DAY_MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:21'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1' DAY_HOUR);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:44:21'

SELECT SUBDATE('2014-05-17', INTERVAL '5-3' YEAR_MONTH);
Result: '2009-02-17'
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