totn MariaDB Functions

MariaDB: DATE_SUB Function

This MariaDB tutorial explains how to use the MariaDB DATE_SUB function with syntax and examples.

Description

The MariaDB DATE_SUB function returns a date after which a certain time/date interval has been subtracted.

Syntax

The syntax for the DATE_SUB function in MariaDB is:

DATE_SUB( date, INTERVAL value unit )

Parameters or Arguments

date
The date to which the interval should be subtracted.
value
The value of the time/date interval that you wish to subtract. You can specify positive and negative values for this parameter.
unit

The unit type of the interval such as DAY, MONTH, MINUTE, HOUR, and so on. It can be one of the following:

unit
MICROSECOND
SECOND
MINUTE
HOUR
DAY
WEEK
MONTH
QUARTER
YEAR
SECOND_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_SECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_SECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_HOUR
YEAR_MONTH

Note

  • If you specify an interval value that is too short for the unit that you have specified, the DATE_SUB function will assume that the left-most portion of the interval value was not provided.
  • Using the DATE_SUB function with a negative value as a parameter is equivalent to using the DATE_ADD function.
  • See also the DATE_ADD, ADDDATE, SUBDATE, ADDTIME, and SUBTIME functions.

Applies To

The DATE_SUB function can be used in the following versions of MariaDB:

  • MariaDB 10

Example

Let's look at some MariaDB DATE_SUB function examples and explore how to use the DATE_SUB function in MariaDB.

For example:

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL 4 MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:20.999997'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 20 SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:01'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 25 MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:19:21'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL 2 HOUR);
Result: '2014-05-17 06:44:21'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 10 DAY);
Result: '2014-05-07'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 12 WEEK);
Result: '2014-02-22'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 3 MONTH);
Result: '2014-02-17'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 3 QUARTER);
Result: '2013-08-17'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL 5 YEAR);
Result: '2009-05-17'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '12.000001' SECOND_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:44:09.000000'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '3:12.000001' MINUTE_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:41:09.000000'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '3:12' MINUTE_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 08:41:09'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '1:03:12.000001' HOUR_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:09.000000'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '1:03:12' HOUR_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:09'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '1:03' HOUR_MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-17 07:41:21'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21.000001', INTERVAL '7 1:03:12.000001' DAY_MICROSECOND);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:09.000000'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1:03:12' DAY_SECOND);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:09'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1:03' DAY_MINUTE);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:41:21'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17 08:44:21', INTERVAL '7 1' DAY_HOUR);
Result: '2014-05-10 07:44:21'

SELECT DATE_SUB('2014-05-17', INTERVAL '5-3' YEAR_MONTH);
Result: '2009-02-17'
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